我的26岁女房客
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萧县阿诺--河南8日游时间--2010-9-6至9-13日地点--河南人物--萧县阿诺项目--自驾路线和景点6号中午从萧县出发一路310国道,下午2点半到河南商丘,归德府城墙--壮悔堂--候府--归德府文庙--八关斋--张巡祠--应天书院--於伯台,晚上住开封.7号早6点出发一路310国道,景点--巩义市青龙关--宋陵--康百万庄园--杜浦陵园--洛阳白马寺--关林,晚住洛阳,8号上午洛阳龙门石窟--东窟--白园--香山寺--西窟--下午孟津黄河小浪底水库--龙马负图寺--汉光武帝陵园,晚住济源市,9号上午沁阳市神农山--下午青天河,晚住博爱县,10号武涉嘉应观--郑州黄河花园口风景区--黄河国家地质公园--下午楚河汉界风景区,晚住郑州,11号上午新郑市--黄帝故里--郑韩故城--欧阳修陵园--下午始祖山--晚住郑州,12号--登封市嵩山风景区--上午三皇寨--永泰寺--下午少林寺--中岳庙--嵩阳书院,晚住郑州,13号一路310国道回到萧县,来回2000公里黄河小浪底风景区门票40元,从2008年开始,大坝不让游客上了 神农顶([]
最新章节： 第521章 杨幂 （ 2024-05-30 06:48:56）
更新时间： 2024-05-30 08:25:53
- 第1章 尸兄
- 第2章 勇士逆转太阳
- 第3章 猪猪侠
- 第4章 法拉利周杰伦
- 第5章 奥尼尔
- 第6章 大话西游
- 第7章 武林外传
- 第8章 郑爽加盟北京春晚
- 第9章 大主宰2
- 第10章 武炼巅峰
- 第11章 剑来4
- 第12章 宠爱
- 第13章 我的世界
- 第14章 王源肖战是邻居
- 第15章 逆天邪神
- 第16章 校花的贴身高手
- 第17章 What If Love
- 第18章 犯罪现场庆余年
- 第19章 冰雪奇缘2
- 第20章 致良知精神控制
- 点击查看 中间隐藏的 84706 章节
- 第549章 happier
- 第550章 寻情记
- 第551章 我很愉快
- 第552章 第77届金球奖红毯
- 第553章 陆文昔怀孕
- 第554章 李沁
- 第555章 十宗罪
- 第556章 天眼
- 第557章 澳山火烟雾至南美
- 第558章 斗罗大陆4
- 第559章 ofo再成被执行人
- 第560章 赖美云不参加考试
- 第561章 我很愉快
- 第562章 半个喜剧
- 第563章 海峡午报小花仙
- 第564章 陆文昔怀孕
- 第565章 从前有座灵剑山
- 第566章 如棋
- 第567章 西甲
- 第568章 韩酒店推宠物套房
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章宜静江西我去了4次，第1次是2010年11月份，去了婺源，三清山，龙虎山，龟峰，梅岭，云居山，庐山，第2次去江西是2011年4月份，去了武功山，仙女湖，第3次去江西是2012年3月份，去婺源看油菜花，第4次去江西是2013年5月下旬，徒步穿越武功山2013年5月2号开始陆续在淘宝商城买东西，5月17号货全部收到，5月上旬一直查江西萍乡的天气，感觉19号--23号是晴天，另外非周末，非节假日，游客应该很少（在世纪之碑拍照没人争），最后决定5月19号从家坐汽车去安徽淮北，从淮北坐火车去江西萍乡，5月23号从江西宜春坐火车回到淮北，从淮北坐汽车回到家，5月14号在安徽萧县火车票代售点买5月19号从安徽淮北到江西萍乡的火车票（硬卧中铺），19号下午4点20从淮北发车，20号早5点半到江西萍乡。本次穿越武功山路线（沈子村--九龙山顶--铁蹄峰--金顶--吊马桩--白云客栈--赤脚凹--法云界--沈家大院--明月山）先上2张2011年4月份去武功山的精彩图片 本次穿越武功山精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 5月14号在安徽萧县火车票代售点买5月19号从安徽淮北到江西萍乡的火车票（硬卧中铺），240.5元，（外加5元，代售），共245.5元5月15日下午，负重20公斤在萧县龙山子热身5月18日下午准备东西5月18日下午准备东西 腰包重4斤6两，里面放单反相机，电池，移动电源 背包重43斤3两（3升水袋没有装水，1.2升保温瓶没有装水，0.6升保温杯没有装水） 5月19日早上体重85公斤，下午1点21分，出发前在家里留影2张 出家门200米，在交通东路拦电动三轮车，4元钱坐到萧县汽车东站，在汽车东站买车票到淮北9元钱，1点55分发车，2点50到达淮北汽车站，出站在门口，3元钱坐摩托三轮，于2点57分到达淮北火车站马上去售票厅买23号从江西宜春到淮北的火车票（硬卧下铺），230元3点10分进入淮北火车站候车室，人很多，显得候车室很少，大部分人是去合肥的 4点05分开始检票，4点09分到达站台，这班火车应该是连云港到广州的，怎么写着徐州到广州4点05开始检票，4点09来到站台，这班车应该是连云港到广州的，怎么写着徐州到广州 已经2年没有乘火车了，最后一次乘火车是2011年5月份，从徐州坐火车到武汉（硬座），卧铺我这一辈子只睡过一次，2003年从徐州到北京（卧铺），今天要再次感受一下卧铺，上车后，收拾东西放在铺子上 换上拖鞋，把登山包和登山鞋放在过道边在火车里用手机上网看新闻，看帖子，晚上也没有感觉饿，省一顿饭钱，明早下火车一起吃吧，晚11点钟，用手机定好闹钟，明早5点起床，5点半到萍乡，睡前用移动电源给手机充满电 5月20号早5点起床，刷牙，洗脸后，把1.2升的保温瓶和0.6升的保温水壶装满开水，登山包的重量这时候应该是24公斤，腰包2.3公斤，现在全身负重26公斤，一切收拾好后，5点35分下火车来到萍乡火车站门口火车站门口有私人车去沈子村的，不过我没有坐，1人包车很贵，我先去车站附近吃早点([]
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张智强旅行的目的是什么？简单的游山玩水？还是试图摆脱固有的陈旧环境，到一个完全陌生的城市无拘无束的松懈自己？又或是天马行空，嬉逐人间，纵情于湖光山色中映照内心？我不知道，每个人都应该拥有一个属于自己的答案。但我想，旅行应该是苦乐喜悲并举的。当我们处处防备围墙重重徘徊处，远方行人狭路相逢却不吝暖人笑意；当我们张开双手敞开怀抱投递每一个微笑时，陌生人剖心相照怀抱亦可如兄弟亲密。我想，这大概就是旅行的意义，消除偏见，发现自我，丰富人生。所有帖子已经更新完毕3楼河内篇29楼 芽庄篇621楼大叻篇 我的越南行——我一定会怀念这一路，自由短暂却彻底。 鸣谢 行在越南网 友情提供的旅游景区攻略资料。十一假期我该去哪里？ 从没有踏出过国门，一直想去到一个完全不能用汉语的地方，想体验那种不一样的生活，独自。这次我听了同事的建议去一趟芽庄享受一下沙滩、潜水、美味海鲜也是及好的。越南是一个超级适合度假的地方，海岸线狭长，海鲜、潜水、海景房样样都有，样样便宜，中国人去玩完全没有压力。越南还是个快乐的国度，完全没有新闻里说的那么穷，人们不会过于追求金钱，而是选择舒服地活着。很容易就被越南人乐观的情绪所感染。越南每个旅游城市都有自己的特点，一路下来，完全不会审美疲劳。河内街头的电车美女与美食，让你眼睛和舌头上天堂；芽庄是潜水的圣地，还有洗黑泥的妹纸和海鲜；大叻像阿尔卑斯山下的小镇，红墙绿瓦、咖啡飘香。。。乘坐到达河内大巴车到达友谊关，在友谊关，给边防武警递上自己的护照，他职业性地微笑一下，盖个戳，然后放行。办理了出境之后，我就算真正地离开了祖国，跟随人流进入了越南边防的小房子，大家都挤成了一团，每个人都在护照里夹了10块钱递进办入境的窗口（据说不夹钱，护照就会被扔到一边，没人管），没有零钱给他一张100居然只找了我88块钱。。奶奶的多收了2块钱小费，算了到了人家地盘上乖乖的，只希望护照快点出来。大概等了10来分钟，就会有越南长官拿着一叠护照挨个念名字，不过发音确实很蛋疼，念到名字的人拿上护照就算入境了，没听清的人也不用着急，他会再念第二遍。友谊关可以换到全世界最高的汇率 1元RMB=3400越南盾，熬了30年，终于成了百万富翁…… 抵达河内，在三十六行街（背包客比较多的商业街）随便找了个酒店住下来，酒店到处都是，价格也便宜，双人间基本上就是15-20美元一天，摩托车一天大概要7美金。由于历史原因语言交流出现了严重的障碍，可爱的越南妹子说的英格力斯我完全的不懂，没办法只好使用必杀技“国际手语”她完全的明白，OK！住了房，租了摩托，问好路~出发！河内的天气和8月的北京差不多，一样那么闷热，身体虽然遭罪，但眼睛却很享福，因为每个人都穿得那么性感 ，一到还剑湖，立马感受到这里的生活节奏是如此的安逸，每个人都慢悠悠地活着，街边游走着不少卖美食的小贩，还有不少美女悠闲地骑着摩托车，我想我来对地方了。第一次到越南，对什么东西都充满了新鲜感，特别是对河内的妹纸，她们面容娇好、身材苗条，打扮时尚。河内留给我的两个印象：美女多、摩托车多，当这两者结合起来：很多美女骑着摩托车在你身边来来往往，这场景，光是想想都会让人流口水。 河内的摩托车确实多，大街小巷全是，今天一天看到的摩托车，比过去十年还多，都说重庆生产的力帆摩托车都卖给了越南，看来，还真是这样的。 不多拍点摩托美女 怎么能对得起看帖子的劳苦大众~虽然是大清早，但依然不时有漂亮的妹纸来让你眼前一亮，特别是她们骑摩托车的样子让你有种想变成摩托车的冲动。 本以为对面那个甜美系的妹纸是越南人，一搭讪才发现是日本人，顿时兴趣大减，要看漂亮日本妹纸在家就可以了，根本用不着跑到越南来。 沿着还剑湖由北走到南，就是越南国家历史博物馆，了解一个国家，至少要知晓一些它的历史；了解一个国家的历史，博物馆是个好去处。越南历史博物馆建于1932年，主体部分是一座三层黄色的建筑物，有着八角攒尖的顶和仿木结构的斗拱和瓦檐，也有向外突出的欧式阳台，汇集了东西方不同的建筑风格。占婆时期的青铜鼓、新石器时期的陶器 、占婆时期的青铜器 、阮朝时期的瓷器 、前黎朝的木佛像 、阮朝时期的书籍，未被法国占领之前，越南一直在使用汉字 。沿路上很多城管车，都是用喇叭喊，大概的意思也就是禁止占道之类的，但是每个人都荷枪实弹有点让路人打怵的。突然有个想法：不知道与我们国内的城管PK一下 会是什么结果呢？圣约瑟夫大教堂，第一感觉就是很眼熟，原来这就是巴黎圣母院的缩小版，建于1886年。看来法国人在越南殖民时期还是狠下了血本的。黑白斑驳的墙面充满了历史感，应该说这里是河内最美的建筑了，教堂的大门只有在举办弥撒时才会打开，其余的时间，游客要从侧面进，侧门位于面对教堂左侧的小巷内。 骑着摩托的确很快，按照地图的示，本来要去文庙的，却误打误撞的走进战争博物馆，既来之则游之，买票进场！讲解员妹纸慷慨激昂的诉说着越南人民是如何用智慧击败美帝国主义，一幅幅图片、一片片残骸仿佛在给人们还原那一段刻骨铭心的侵略战争。胡爷爷纪念堂威严的耸立在市中心，他老人家不在家，据说是到俄罗斯度假去了~纪念堂门口站的兵是我见过的所有越南士兵当众最板正的。。。 面对纪念馆的右手边是主席府（法国统治期间的总督府），胡志明曾经在里面办公生活，后来感觉太过奢侈，便搬到了旁边的小院 面对纪念馆的左手边就是独柱寺了，独柱寺经常被作为越南的志被建在在世界各地的世界公园里，原寺1954年法国撤军时被炸毁，仅存石柱。1955年在原址依原样重建，但规模小于原建。河内游荡的一天里在路边、巷子边看到了很多寺庙，烧香拜佛的僧众还真不少，香火鼎盛，愿佛祖保佑他们！阿门~哈利路亚！途中遇到一个公园，我也小清新一下，坐在公园一角欣赏越南人民的业余生活，街舞、健美操、羽毛球、足球充斥其中。看着他们打球我手就痒了起来，忍不住下场与越南人民进行了一场羽毛球友谊赛，中越混双VS美越男双！感动不是战胜对手的那一刻，到一个地方感受当地的文化气息，简单的几句英语交流，与无国界的运动交织在一起，得此机遇我愿足矣。。。。返回酒店途中，再遇河内的摩托大军，开始骑的不是很快总是害怕被车撞一直让车，后来才知道越南的司机技术都超好，他们会躲着你的。 夜晚的河内非常热闹，老外、小吃、美女、酒吧。。。越南人喜欢喝喝啤酒，找个四通八达的路口，几根小板凳，喝一口酒，就一口菜，眼睛也不忘给来来往往的妹纸行个注目礼。老外们则光顾一些有情调雅致的酒吧咖啡吧。各种现榨水果汁儿，我最喜欢甘蔗和芒果汁，超级爽！晚饭很是奢侈，足足花了我15万大洋，不过这不是重点！吃饭中对面偶遇一日本人，连比划带说算是认识了，这家伙倒是很客气，不过咱的革命立场不能变啊，最后哥用纯正的东北话对他重申钓鱼岛是我们中国的...他点头表示认同河内总结篇： 住：还剑湖北边的三十六行街即老街区有很多旅馆，$10-不等，住这里有几个好处，首先是热闹，出门就是各式各样的小商店；其次这里是旅行社、参观、网吧云集的地方，要参各团、吃个饭什么的方便；再次，这里离景区都比较近，方便步行参观。 吃：在越南一般就吃米粉pho ，炒饭com，春卷cha gio，我们一般都在三十六行街的路边摊解决的，一般，一碗牛肉粉20.000D的样子，有的hotel楼下有cafe，吃过一次类似盖浇饭样的东西30.000D，试过一次“中国式烧烤”，鸡翅10.000D一串还说得过去，香菇也10.000D一串！喝的除了碳酸饮料和鲜啤酒还有果汁，强烈推荐芒果汁和甘蔗汁，越南的芒果甘蔗很甜，一般10.000D~20.000D一杯，试下当地啤酒也不错，没什么酒味，我很喜欢，一般8.000D一杯。 玩：河内的景点主要分布在还剑区和巴亭区，步行一天基本上可以看完。瞻仰胡志明墓，参观胡志明故居和独柱寺，然后去文庙，参观军事博物馆、历史博物馆、和大教堂。喜欢买东西的可以逛逛三十六行街。河内这些景点的票价都很便宜，一般都在RMB10以下。 行：摩托车出租（150，000D/天），腿脚好的步行参观也可以，因为市区其实没有多大，而且不用担心停车的问，走到哪都可以停下来拍照或者买东西。芽庄篇根据行程 我们在芽庄逗留3日，在芽庄的时光是我感觉到最舒服的，蓝天、海滩、潜水、四岛游、泥巴浴、占婆塔...童鞋们跟着我的图片尽情游荡在美丽的芽庄小镇到达芽庄已经是傍晚，这里的第一顿必须是海鲜啊，龙虾超便宜每公斤大概20~25万，合人民币60元。(
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杜秀娟开封，一个离徐州仅有300公里的古都，行摄十年，来来回回往返经过了N次，却一直都没能一览风貌，2014年6月6日，利用周末的空闲时间专门到开封一游，也算了了一个心愿。徐州—开封，交通非常方便，三个多小时火车便可直达。周五下班后，回家简单收拾了下行李，背上背包，晚上十点多则到达了开封站，开封，这个有着多种别称的古老都城，我终于来了！ 6月7日 开封下车晚上1000，找到预定宾馆安顿下来，第二天一大早就前往汴河，开始了开封的游览。开封行的第一个游览地为中国翰园。中国翰园位于开封市龙亭湖风景区西北隅，是李公涛先生带领全家自筹资金发起创建的一座融山水艺术景观和古典园林建筑艺术为一体，集古今中外诗词、书画、碑刻艺术之大成的文化园林。 因为来的太早了，翰园还没开门，只能局限在大门外游览了。玉带桥玉带桥位于南大门外，拱高而薄，形若玉带。桥栏望柱雕有线条流畅的纹络图案，柱头上38对蹲卧狮子，雕工精细，形象生动。轩辕黄帝塑像轩辕黄帝塑像系花岗岩雕塑而成，高达18米，生动展现了黄帝的神圣庄严与崇高。塑像底座上，"人文始祖轩辕黄帝"八个大字由全国人大副委员长楚图南先生书写。基座台阶中央有七条蟠龙汉白玉浮雕，象征开封是七朝古都；基座玉石栏杆上的龙头浮雕，象征着炎黄子孙都是龙的传人。 中国翰园碑林占地120亩，由一岭、二潭、三山、三台、三湖、三湾、三岛、三泉、五溪、九瀑、十峰、十二桥、十二亭组成 ，分园林、碑廊两大景观。南部以园林风景为主，由南向北依次建有南牌楼、玉带桥、轩辕黄帝塑像、家训碑、盘龙岭、高风亭、文萃山、翰园湖、赛诗台、仰圣山、九曲桥、孔子像、金石岛等。 因为进不了园林，只能在河边远远的“遥望”。 进不了翰园，索性就在汴河边溜达。天波杨府就坐落在汴河对面。 之前对开封的印象只是停留在包公的开封府，没想到这中原城市开封还是个“一城宋韵半城水”的美丽都城。 今天主要的目的是游览清明上河园，可这景点是按时按点开门的，趁着等开门的时间空挡，先在附近转转，没成想，这位于清明上河园边上的七盛角还真是个不错的地方。七盛角是开封首个集旅游、文化、休闲、餐饮、购物为一体的全仿宋建筑项目开封建业东京梦华七盛角文化民俗街。也就是大家口中常说的民俗一条街，但因这个“街”位于汴河边上，又紧邻清明上河园，因此，一条汴河将这条街变的灵动美丽了起来。正是这座桥将汴河水引入了城区，让整座城与汴河结为了一体。这座桥就称为天波桥。 刚开始游览开封，就看到了这么一泓碧波，心情一下就清爽了起来。 集锦桥是七盛角的一座木质廊桥，是仿造南方的古桥而建，看上去与浙江福建的廊桥有的一比。([]
嗯…你的好大我吃不下
韩以桦Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, ";Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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吴孟花序……….“到处流浪， 命运唤我奔向远方， 我看这世界像沙漠， 它四处空旷没人烟…… 到处流浪…… ”。 一首《拉兹之歌》，让多少人对印度向往，就是这部印度电影，在中国大陆首先揭开了印度神秘的面纱。让无数人梦寐中或多或少带上了印度情结，什么时候能有机会去到那个并不遥远的国度，亲耳聆听那曼妙婉转的歌声；亲眼目睹那阿娜多姿的舞蹈；亲身感受那美丽迷人的印度姑娘……。随着国门的打开，蜂拥而出的中国人，开始漫向世界各地。印度的一切又逐次在中国人的眼前清晰起来；那无数精美的古代建筑、壮丽的泰姬陵和它美妙的故事传说、一千多年前的性文化雕塑群、多次荣登世界小姐宝座的印度姑娘、加上印度的脏、乱、差…….这一切让印度更加神秘、更加不可思议。2013年9月初，一个偶然的机会，到印度自助游去，变成了我的旅游计划。时间；2013年9月到2013年10月21日；内容；制定自助游路线。筹备所需资料和物品。 参考去过印度的旅游攻略和印度文化建筑介绍。大致决定在印度自助游从东面的加尔各答开始，历时22天。到达最西面的阿姆利则后返回德里离开。具体路线如下；加尔各达（Kolkata）————菩提迦叶（BodhGaya）——————瓦纳拉西（VaranASI）————克久拉霍（Khajuraho）————阿格拉（Agra）————斋普尔（Jaipur）————乌代普尔（Udaipur）————热那克普（Rannakpur）————焦德普尔（Jodhpur）————杰沙梅尔（杰伊瑟尔梅尔Jaisalmer）———比卡内尔（Bikaner）————阿姆利则（Amritsar火车先到JALANDHAR贾朗达尔后，再转LOCAL BUS）————德里（New Delhi）印度自助游有关准备工作；换汇；印度很多城市可使用信用卡。中国人的习惯都是带上现金。那就在银行调换好美金备用。但，印度的换汇比率随时在变化。可根据自己的需要兑换成印度卢比（Rs）。我在印度期间兑换率是；10月23日在加尔各答机场，100$==5597Rs.10月24日在加尔各答萨德街上的换汇点，100$==6010Rs.10月25日在菩提迦叶100$==6050Rs.11月6日在焦德普尔100$==6020Rs。 11月13日在德里100$==6050Rs.相比之下，在到达印度机场时最好不换汇，那个差别实在太大了。出了机场到了市区，随便找家换汇点先换部分，以后随时可以在所到城市换取Rs使用。2， 证；印度的证在亚洲国家里相对比较麻烦比较烦琐。个人旅游证需要提供如下资料；（1）、护照原件：（六个月零十天以上有效期）。（2）照片：2张白底彩照，5cm * 5cm正方形，(同美国证照片尺寸一样，需露耳朵，不接受扫描或不清晰的照片)。（3）存款证明：人民币一万元以上的银行存款证明原件（至少四个月冻结期）（4）、公司在职证明（英文版）（5）、身份证复印件：1份，正反面复印到一张纸上，（6）、个人证申请表（可在网上搜索下载）。印度出入境卡；印度出入境卡； 印度一般是有效期三个月，30天的旅游证。网上有专门办代理证的公司。但费用比较高。可在网上查讯，有要690元的，有要850元的，还有喊价1500元的。我请北京的一个朋友帮我代办的证，是她亲自把材料送到印度使馆，30天的旅游证371元。这位朋友已只是在网上认识尚未谋面的朋友。网名彩云游子。帮忙如此热心，让我好生感激，不知有没有机会报答这位朋友这份情谊。 证办好后，最好把你的护照首页和证页复印若干份，在印度买火车票和住宿都需要护照复印件和证复印件。你可根据你在印度旅游的时间来决定复印多少份为宜。3，交通；在印度国内旅行，铁路四通八达，价格非常便宜，所以，坐火车是在印度国内旅行的首选。火车有很多等级，Superfast, Fast, Express, Passenger。等级不同票价不同，车体的新旧也不同。应尽量避免Passenger，这种普客又挤又慢，车厢十分破旧。车票也分为很多级别。有2nd Class Chair（硬座）；2nd Class Sleeper（硬卧）；2nd A/C( 空调硬卧)，和1st A/C(空调软卧)等。空调车舒适度好，价格可能是2nd Class Sleeper的2-3倍左右，车上提供饮料和餐食，通常是印度富裕人士和外国游客乘坐。火车售票分为售票处（BOOKING OFFICE）和预售处（RESERVATION OFFICE），一些大站（如新德里）有专门的外国人售票处（International Tourist Bureau），可是有的International Tourist Bureau不售票，只提供咨询和休息，买车票去RESERVATION OFFICE。在德里、加尔各答、孟买等大城市购买火车票比较紧张，不大容易买到当天或第二天的火车票，如有可能最好在国内出发前就先定好在印度国内旅行的火车票。但一般中小城市买火车票还是很容易，很多城市还专门有外国人购买火车票的窗口和侯车室。这是购买印度火车票的印度铁路官方网站；https//www.irctc.co.in/。火车站内常用设施中英文对照：火车站在印度习惯讲：RailwayStation上铺〈UB〉、中铺〈MB〉、下铺〈LB〉，以及靠走道的上铺〈SU〉与下铺〈SL〉，火车问讯处：Enquiry或Railway Information 站台：plantform存包的地方：cloak room女士候车室：Lady’s Waiting room 车掌：TTE, Train Ticket Examiner候车室：Waiting room（通常有浴室和厕所）高等级车票候车室：upper class waiting room（一般指3A以上级别。印度人不是这个档次车票不会进来。您是老外，别管你拿什么级别车票，进去再说）普通卧铺候车室：sleeper class waiting room（人比较多，也比较脏）休息室：Retiring Room餐厅：refreshment room 查票：ticket checker 还要多少时间How many more times 来回机票；去印度肯定要考虑买好来回的机票，有很多这方面的攻略。主要是能买到最便宜的机票可以为你的旅行节省不少的银子，请要去的朋友最好提前半年留意机票信息，争取定到最便宜的来回机票。汽车；印度的汽车相对比火车贵点。下列是印度北部主要城市间距离和汽车价格（长途客车）。乌代普尔——阿格拉 630KM12小时180Rs乌代普尔——孟买 730KM16小时200Rs乌代普尔——德里 670KM14小时200Rs乌代普尔——斋普尔 406KM9小时 200Rs乌代普尔——焦特布尔 275KM 8小时 110Rs乌代普尔——科塔 6小时110Rs乌代普尔——阿埠山 7小时 100Rs 4，住宿;印度现在随旅游业的发达。住宿非常方便。每个城市乃至有景点的乡村都有高档的星级宾馆和家庭式小旅社、和类式青年旅社那样的小客栈。我个人不很喜欢住高档的酒店。这种地方，人与人之间的关系比较冷漠，无法真正接触和感知所在国家的真实状况、找不到贴近当地人生活的感觉。我比较喜欢家庭式的小旅社，小客栈。这样的地方有它独特的装修风格，甚至墙上有大量来往人员的涂鸦。住在这样的地方，你可以和老板、老板娘亲密接触。他们已多半有问必答，热心地为你帮忙和力尽所能的指点你怎样在这里玩的舒服。和大酒店比起来，这种地方价格非常便宜。哪怕你在旅馆里蒙头大睡几天，已不会心痛每天帐单上增加的银子数。 5，印度的饮食特点；A，糊状菜；如果说中国菜的特点是“清清白白”，色香味三者，色是摆在第一位的，因好看可以激发食欲；印度菜的特点则是“糊糊涂涂”，各种主菜都放一大把咖喱粉，看起来都一个颜色。荤菜不亲口尝一尝，很难区分是什么肉类；蔬菜也是捣成糊状，搁些咖喱。在中国人看来，长时间的煮熬使维生素尽失，令人觉得可惜，印度人则乐此不疲。说印度菜把香放在首位恐怕并不过分。不过，印度菜的香并非中国人所习惯闻的那种香味，而是太香了；印度菜的辣味也并非中国人所习惯的咸辣、酸辣或麻辣，而是“冲”鼻子的辛辣，许多中国人恐怕一时难以适应。 B，吃素；印度虔诚的佛教徒和印度教徒都是素食主义者，耆那教徒更是严格吃素，吃素的人占印度人口一半以上，因此，印度是典型的素食王国，素食文化是印度饮食文化中最基本的特色之一。 C，手抓饭；多数印度人，包括上流社会的人通常习惯用手抓饭吃。印度人进餐时一般是一只盘子、一杯凉水，把米饭和饼放在盘内，菜和汤浇在上面。印度人的主食主要是米饭和饼，他们喜欢吃的并非中国人的白米饭，而是把饭煮熟后，放些油和调料，饭的颜色呈黄色，或者同别的什么菜炒在一块。用手把菜和饭混在一起，在盘里搅拌几下，抓起来捏一捏，然后送进口内。 D，不抽烟不喝酒；受宗教禁忌的影响，印度人几乎不喝酒，嗜酒成瘾者或酒量很大者极少，从未见过印度人一饮而尽地干杯，也从未见过有人行酒令或醉倒过。印度抽烟的人极少，公务往来和红白喜事，从未有人敬烟。印度的烟仅10支装，印度人口袋里装一包烟、一个打火机的不多，一些烟民宁愿买一支抽一支。 E，香辣咖喱唱主角： 印度人做菜用得最多、最普遍的是咖喱粉。咖喱粉是用胡椒、姜黄和茴香等20多种调料合成的一种香辣调味品，呈黄色粉末状。印度饮食文化也可以称为咖喱文化，这种饮食文化以香辣味道为特色。人们谈到印度饭，首先想到的十之八九是咖喱饭。咖喱饭可以是素食，也可以是荤食；可以是米饭，也可以是面食。印度人对咖喱粉可谓情有独钟，几乎每道菜都用，咖喱鸡、咖喱鱼、咖喱土豆、咖喱菜花、咖喱汤等等，每个经营印度饭菜的餐馆都飘着一股咖喱味。 F，野味无人敢问津 在许多中国人看起来是美味佳肴的东西，印度人基本上不吃。印度没有野味店，不仅野味无人问津，就是蟮鱼、泥鳅、甲鱼、乌龟、蛇这些东西，印度人也不吃，至于吃狗肉、猫肉、鸽子肉等，更是想都不敢想的事。印度人基本上不吃各种肉类的下水内脏，因而价格便宜得不可思议，有的几乎等于不要钱。例如，5个卢比(相当于1元钱人民币)可以买到1公斤鸡爪。在印度可以看到和边几斤重的大鱼就在岸边游来游去，伸手可捉，但却无人问津。 G，印度菜的特点就是糊状菜，而且还加以各种色素，黄的汤，绿的糊，红的泥。如果没有一段时间的适应，是很难习惯的。此外，无论在家庭还是餐馆，印度人认为生水是最好的饮料，餐桌上总会有一杯凉水。印度主要食物列表： Dal：是主要的素食菜之一，由几种大豆混合香料，经长时间熬制而成。 Tandoori：印度式的烘烤。 Lassi：印度酸奶。印度甜品：香浓甜滑，非常值得品尝。 Chutney：印度小蘸料，微酸中带点薄荷的香味。 ， 6 ，语言：印度民族众多，语言复杂，据统计，印度共有1652种语言和方言。其中使用人数超过百万的达33种。英语在印度很有影响。除宪法规定的18种语言为联邦官方语言外，还规定英语为行政和司法用语。英语和印地语同为官方语言。北印度语言主要包括印地语和乌尔都语等。南印度语言主要有泰米尔语、泰卢固语等。印度东北地区语言主要包括那加语和米佐语等。印度中部地区主要有桑塔尔语、蒙达语等。还有安达曼语，主要流行于安达曼群岛。下面是印地语中常用单词的谐音。（仅供参考）。你好 那玛斯第 对不起；察玛加里伍。 谢谢，达尼亚哇多。 请，哥利比亚。 是；哈伍。 不是，那兴伍。男，布鲁丝. 女，斯多里.少女，拉鲁奇。 青年，拉里加。 小孩，巴查亚。单人房，埃克 比得 哇拉。 双人 多比得哇拉。 钱，巴伊沙。 价钱，达姆. 结帐，希沙布。 吃饭，加纳。洗手间，巴多鲁姆多伊拉特。 计程车，塔克西。船， 那乌。 列车，托里伊伍. 飞机， 夏哇伊 渣哈子。 商店，多卡伍。 邮局，坡斯特奥费斯。 银行，巴伍克。医生，多可塔。 警务督察，波里斯。日本人， 渣巴尼 印度人，兴多士塔尼。 东，布拉布。 南，达克西伍。 西，巴斯千姆。 北，沃太鲁。 左，巴埃伍。 右，达希纳。 星期一，苏姆哇尔。 星期二，码葛鲁哇尔 星期三，布多哇尔。 星期四，格鲁哇尔。 星期五，苏克鲁哇尔 星期六，谢尼哇尔。星期日，拉布伊哇尔1，埃克。 2，多。 3，添伍。4，查尔。5，巴伍。6，千。 7，沙特。 8，阿特。9，娜乌。10，达斯。100，斯乌。你叫什么名字？ 阿布加 卡亚那母 哈伊？你好吗？ 阿布加卡亚哈鲁哈伊？我很好，多谢。马因地哥夫达尼亚圭多。我叫张三。 米拉那母张三哈伊。 再见吧， 费路米丽伍葛。这是什么？伊埃期亚哈伊？ 不知道。 巴塔那兴。可不可以和你照张像？ 期亚玛因阿布卡弗多理鲁伍？印度是非常好的地方！ 姆谢巴拉多拍沙得哈伊！有房间吗？ 卡母拉哈伊卡亚？ 洗手间在哪儿？ 拉巴多里卡哈哈伊？请给我看菜单， 曼纽的卡地尖。 给我红茶， 玛因查埃布因格。很好吃， 巴付伊阿查拉格。 结帐。 比鲁的尖。想去医院。 荷士比塔渣那哈伊。 请叫医生。 大格塔布拉的谢伊。不太舒服。 塔比亚多的克那兴哈伊。什么时间出发？ 格鲁希期多你巴谢求弟哥。这是哪儿？ 伊埃卡亚渣那渣塔夫伍？ 请便宜点。 加姆加路那阿。请带我去成都酒店。 姆谢成都荷塔尔来查罗。我想去成都。 姆谢成都渣那哈伊。 这个多少钱？ 伊斯加达姆卡亚哈伊？不要。 那希伍查亚伊埃。 太多了。 伊埃巴好托渣达哈伊。请给我一点点。 托拉沙的伊芬。 这个好。 姆谢伊埃拍沙得哈伊。这个不合适我。 姆谢伊埃拍沙得那希伍。我要买纺织品。 玛因里斯面加布拉加里多纳察哈他。请给我看这条K金项链。 苏耐期伊埃马拉地加伊埃。有没有钻石戒指？ 阿布朗巴斯希里期阿达地伊哈伊？你住在哪里？ 阿布加汗拉希地哈伊伍？我住在成都。 马因成都面拉希达芬伍。7，电话；目前印度有14家移动运营商经营移动电话业余。印度移动电信市场竞争激烈，排名随时在变换。2012年底的排名是；Idea拥有5590万用户，BSNL为5520万。 其次是巴帝电信（Bhart Airtel）；沃达丰爱莎（VodafoneEssar）。在CDMA领域排名靠前的还有Reliance、BSNL、塔塔电信（Tata Teleservices）等，它们均同时运营GSM/CDMA双网。在印度购买移动电话卡，最好买排名靠前的移动运营商的卡，这些公司在印度国内几乎每个乡镇都有维护网点。便于调整你所使用的移动卡任何问。有的小的移动运营商，即使其所销售的卡要便宜些，但如是打电话或上网有什么障碍，很难在你所在的城市找到该公司的维护网点，那卡就等于白买了。 8 ，费用；我10月23日晚上到达印度加尔各答。11月14日从德里离开，在印度境内呆了23天。除去来回机票不计。所花费用主要是；A，住宿，3800RS。（火车上渡过4个晚上，在火车站渡过2个晚上，在阿姆利则金庙免费住了1个晚上。实际只住了15夜。） B，景点门票；3000RS。（其中最贵的是泰姬陵750RS。最不值得的是德里的贾玛清真寺300RS。其他大多是200RS以下。） C，吃；我在印度用在吃上的钱不多，除了个别情况外，一般每顿200RS，就够了。在印度最奢侈的一顿是在千柱庙出来，吃了一顿自助餐，每人320RS。大约每天伙食费在600RS，23天在吃上用去13800RS。还包含每天必吃的酸奶。 D，行；在印度坐了七段火车，4200RS。从菩提迦叶到瓦纳拉西、乌代普尔到焦德普尔、比卡内尔到阿姆利则这三段坐的长途汽车，共用3100RS。坐tutu 车用去2500RS。交通费用合计9800RS。E，其他杂用；电话卡、小费、水果4500RS。在印度23天，除去机票不算，总共花费34900RS。折合人民币3500元左右。 9，印度人的习俗； A，印度人是用摇头表示赞同，用点头表示不同意。人们用手抓耳朵表示自责；召唤某人的动作是将手掌向下摆手指，但不能只用一个指头；指人时也要用整个手掌，不能用一两个指头。 B，印度人大多习惯用传统的佛教手势－－双手合十。互相问好祝安。双手合十时，把双手举到脸部前才算合十。这种招呼，显得比握手高尚、文雅。注意切莫在双手合十的时候，也同时点头,容易引起当地人的嗤笑,那就破坏了亲切和气的气氛,显得有点不伦不类了。 C，印度人吃饭，习惯用手抓捏饭揉成团送进口里。但必须是用右手。给别人递食物、餐具，更得用右手。这是因为人们认为右手干净。 D，公共厕所，按当地的习惯，只要有墙的地方就是厕所。甚至在Varanasi人头攒动的大街上都可以随时面对墙方便。印度人大便后不用纸，而用左手沾水擦洗。所以千万不要用左手递食物给印度人，不要用左手和印度人握手。E，切莫抚摸小孩的头，头部是人体最高的部分,也是人体中最神圣无比的部分,尤其是孩子的头,被视为神明停留之处,所以,在任何情况之下绝不允许触摸。切莫对印度人吹口哨，那是冒犯人的举动，是没有教养的表现。 F，印度妇女喜欢在前额中间点有吉祥痣，其颜色不同，形状各异，在不同情况下表示不同意思，它是喜庆、吉祥的象征。印度男女多有配带各种装饰品的习惯。 G，印度人走进寺庙或厨房之前，先要脱鞋。穿鞋进去，既不礼貌，也不圣洁。不论男女老幼，统统把鞋放在门口，赤脚进去。 P，讳白色，习惯用百合花作悼念品。他们忌讳弯月图案，视1、3、7为不吉祥数字，和印度人交谈，要回避有关宗教矛盾、和巴基斯坦的关系、中印冲突、工资以及两性关系的话。([]
午夜不卡理论极速1区a
吴嘉舜❤; 084;❤;d84;ϰ4;❤❤❤ 084;❤❤❤ϰ4;❤ 084;❤电梯间❤❤ 084;❤❤❤0084;❤;0084;❤ 084;0084;❤;❤d84;❤;【行程安排】8天南非随团游 -1.5天迪拜自由行【花费明细】不含购物人均17000元【玩什么&活动预订】南非迪拜的游乐项目&迪拜活动预订【行前准备&实用信息】货币兑换 -消费 -天气 -时差 -电压 -通讯网络 -实用信息 -注意事项 -酒店【DAY1&2行程】北京-迪拜-开普敦【DAY3行程】开普敦酒店 -豪特湾海豹岛 -西蒙小镇 -企鹅滩 -好望角 -sea point【DAY4行程】开普敦大康斯坦提亚葡萄酒庄园 -公司公园 -桌山【DAY5行程】开普敦-约翰内斯堡开普敦 -约翰内斯堡 -比勒陀利亚 -联合大厦 -先民纪念馆【DAY6行程】约翰内斯堡比林斯堡野生动物保护区 -太阳城【DAY7行程】约翰内斯堡-迪拜钻石工厂 -蒙帝娱乐城 -Lesedi文化村 -迪拜【DAY8行程】迪拜朱美拉清真寺 -朱美拉海滩 -棕榈岛亚特兰蒂斯 -迪拜博物馆 -黄金市场 -Dubai Mall -哈利法塔【DAY9&10行程】迪拜一日游，迪拜-北京日出热气球 -帆船酒店午餐 -沙漠冲沙【购物分享】 【序.言】狂野南非.奢华迪拜南非（South Africa），一个看似狂野却又神秘的国度，有些国家因为文化而披上神秘的色彩，而南非则是大自然的赋予令人感觉神秘这是我五年前的愿望，终于圆了。社会的不安定使人们望而却步，南非的旅游业一直不温不火多数人来南非选择跟团游，出于安全考虑，我跟小伙伴也选择了跟团游南非有三个首都：行政首都比勒陀利亚Pretoria、立法首都开普敦Cape Town、司法首都布隆方丹Bloemfontein，而约翰内斯堡Johannesburg是南非最大的城市而迪拜（Dubai），是远离非洲大陆需要飞行7-8小时的西亚国家，一个因石油而迅速崛起的城市。即使没有去过也必然听闻过其奢华程度：满街奔跑的豪车。。N个世界之最（奢华）虽然这次在迪拜只有2天时间，没能好好享受（天气暴热），但我终将会在一个风和日丽的季节再次造访。关于数码设备：无单反，索尼NEX5R+18-200mm的头、GoPro Hero4、IP6+；一个WIFI0084; 084;0084;❤❤❤d84;❤❤d84; 084;❤❤0084;d84;美图预告 084;❤;❤❤0084;❤;d84;❤ 084;❤d84;❤;❤❤❤ 【行程安排】8天南非随团游 -1.5天迪拜自由行 【花费明细】不含购物人均17000元([]
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